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1979 Tumaco earthquake : ウィキペディア英語版 | 1979 Tumaco earthquake
The 1979 Tumaco earthquake occurred at on 12 December with a moment magnitude of 8.2 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (''Violent''). The epicenter was just offshore from the border between Ecuador and Colombia, near the port city of Tumaco. It triggered a major tsunami, which was responsible for most of the estimated 300–600 deaths. The hardest hit area was Colombia's Nariño Department.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Comments for the Significant Earthquake )〕 ==Tectonic setting== Coastal parts of Ecuador and southern Colombia lie above the convergent boundary where the Nazca Plate subducts beneath the South American Plate along the Colombia–Ecuador Trench. At his location the Nazca Plate is moving to the east relative to South America at a rate of 58 mm per year.〔 North of the Carnegie Ridge, the subduction interface has four recognisable segments, from south to north, the Esmeraldas, Manglares, Tumaco and Patia segments. This plate boundary has been the location of several great historical earthquakes, most associated with damaging tsunamis. In 1906 a 5–600 km long segment of the plate interface ruptured, causing a M 8.8 earthquake (rupturing all four segments) and a trans-Pacific tsunami.
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